According to Gile, Translation1 is a professional act of communication, and as such, it is governed by professional and communication rules (Gile, 1995, p. 22). Nord considers both translation and interpreting as a form of mediated intercultural communication (1997, p. 18). Setton defines interpreting as “intentional, secondary, live linguistic communication, mediated through a change of language, under varying task-specific cognitive constraints” (Setton, 2007, p. 66).

Franz Pöchhacker’s approach is slightly different from the above definitions. The starting point of his definition is Otto Kade’s definition of Translation2, based on which Pöchhacker defines interpreting as “a form of Translation in which a first and final rendition in another language is produced on the basis of a one-time presentation of an utterance in a source language” (Pöchhacker, 2022, p. 11). When contrasted with translation, the key difference is the immediacy of interpreting: the source language (SL) text is presented only once, and it is not possible to review or replay the SL text, the target language (TL) text is produced under time pressure, and there is no time or chance for correcting or revising the TL text (Pöchhacker, 2022).

Jones (1998) emphasizes communication when it comes to interpreting; interpreting and interpreters help people who wish to communicate, however, are prevented from it by a linguistic barrier (Jones, 1998, p. 3).