If it is difficult to model translation competence because of its complexity, it is even more so with the development of translation competence. Consequently, there are only few models explaining how translation competence is acquired, and the number of research projects aiming at revealing details about the development of translation competence is relatively low. In this chapter, first the acquisition model developed by the PACTE group, together with the validation research linked to the model, will be described. Then, other major studies focusing on the acquisition of translation competence will be presented, more explicitly, Göpferich’s (2012) longitudinal study and Quinci’s (2023) cross-sectional study.