Tartalomjegyzék

• Applied Biology
• COPYRIGHT PAGE
• I. Cell Biology (Hargita Hegyesi)
  • I.1. The chemical structure of life
    • The chemistry of water
    • The main organic molecular components of cells and organisms
    • Carbohydrates
    • Lipids
    • Proteins
    • Nucleic Acids
  • I.2. Cellular organization
    • Viruses
    • Prokaryotic organisms
    • Eukaryotic organisms
    • Cell size and shape
    • Life together: The origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts
  • I.3. Tools of Cell Biology
    • Light Microscopy
    • Electron Microscopy
    • Animal cells in culture
  • I.4. Structure and function of cell
    • The cell
    • Biological membranes
    • Nucleus
    • Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
    • Golgi apparatus
    • Mitochondria
    • Chloroplast
    • Lysosomes and peroxisomes. The cellular digestive system
    • Secretory pathways
    • The cytoskeleton
  • I.5. Life cycle of Cell
    • Cell communication
    • Cell cycle and division
    • Meiosis
    • Cell death
    • Understanding the molecular basis of cancer
• II. Histology (Judit Kiss and Veronika Urbán Duhajdáné)
  • II.1. Tissue definition and classification
  • II.2. Epithelium (epithelial tissue)
    • Surface covering epithelium (epithelium superficial)
    • Glandular epithelium (epithelium glandulare)
  • II.3. Connective tissue (tela connective)
    • Embryonic connective tissue
    • Connective tissue proper
    • Supportive connective tissue
    • Specialized connective tissues
    • Adipose tissue
    • Reticular tissue
  • II.4. Muscular Tissue
    • Skeletal muscle
    • Cardiac muscle
    • Smooth muscle
  • II.5. Nerve tissue (nervous tissue)
    • Neurons
    • Neuroglia
• III. Reproduction and early development (Hargita Hegyesi)
  • III.1. Sexual development
    • Primary and secondary sex determination
  • III.2. Gametogenesis
    • Gamete Differentiation
  • III.3. Ontogenesis and differentiation
    • Haploid germ cells fuse to be diploid zygote
    • Fertilization
    • Stages of development of an animal embryo
    • Cleavage and blastocyst formation
    • Gastrulation
    • Neurulation
    • Differentiation of the intraembryonic mesoderm
    • Organogenesis
    • Placenta
    • Teratology
• IV. Human genetics (Hargita Hegyesi)
  • IV.1. Introduction to Genetics
  • IV.2. Chromosomes and cytogenetics
    • Structure of a chromosome
    • Cytogenetic methods
    • Chromosomal abnormalities
  • IV.3. Mendelian inheritance
    • Genetics terminology
    • Probability of inheritance
    • Rules of Mendelian inheritance
    • Mode of inheritance
    • Inheritance of monogenic (Mendelian) disorders
    • Monogenic inheritance pattern on pedigree
    • Autosomal dominant inheritance (AD)
    • Autosomal Recessive Inheritance (AR)
    • X-linked inheritance
    • X-linked dominant inheritance (XD)
    • X-Linked Recessive Inheritance (XR)
    • Clinically important human monogenic disorders
  • IV.4. Non-Mendelian inheritance
    • Intermediate Expression
    • Gene interactions
    • Sex related genetic effects
    • Stuttering alleles
    • Environmental influences
    • Mitochondrial Inheritance
  • IV.5. Genetic Mutation
    • Germinal and somatic mutations
    • Spontaneous and induced mutations
    • Classification of mutation types
    • The relationship between mutations and polymorphisms
    • Mutations, DNA repair, and evolution
  • IV.6. Multifactorial inheritance
    • Genetic and environmental effects on quantitative traits
    • Multifactorial model
    • Cancer as a multifactorial genetic disease
  • IV.7. Population Genetics
    • Genetic drift
    • Bottleneck effect
    • Founder effect
    • Natural selection
  • IV.8. The human genome project: goals and perspectives
    • How much genetic variation exists among humans?
    • Methods in the recombinant DNA technology
• Bibliography